SYMMETRIZATION OF PHASE CURRENTS AND VOLTAGES IN 0.4 KV NETWORKS

The article analyzes the problem of unbalanced phase loads in electrical dis-
tribution networks with a voltage of 0.4 kV. It is shown that a significant proportion of single-
phase loads determines a significant imbalance of currents and voltages, which leads to addi-
tional energy losses and deterioration in the quality of electricity. Well-known balancing meth-
ods are considered, such as manual phase switching and the use of special transformers. A var-
iant of automatic self-balancing of a 0.4 kV network using BLOCK 3UI transformers is pro-
posed. A diagram of balancing single-phase loads along a power line using such transformers
at each connection point is presented. It is shown that this solution allows to reduce energy
losses and improve the quality of electricity by equalizing phase loads. It is concluded that the
use of balun transformers in 0.4 kV networks can effectively solve the problem of unbalance
caused by a significant proportion of single-phase loads. This ensures a reduction in electricity
losses, improves the quality of electricity, and eliminates the risk of dangerous overvoltages
when the neutral wire breaks. The economic efficiency of a balancing scheme using transform-
ers at each point of connection of single-phase loads depends on the specific parameters of the
distribution network and requires a feasibility study.

unbalance, balun transformer, balun itself, phase currents, phase voltages, neutral wire current.

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2026-03-22