Authors
Komilova M.Yo. – Senior Lecturer, Polytechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University, Khujand, Republic of Tajikistan, komilova49@mail.ru
Mamurov A.A. – Senior Lecturer Polytechnic Institute of Tajik Technical University, Khujand, Republic of Tajikistan, makmalkhodzha@mail.ru
Annotation
The article presents an analysis of the use of energy resources of a typical apartment in winter, identifies possible measures to reduce energy consumption. The total consumption of living space was determined and compared with Western European energy saving standards. The consumption of electricity in everyday life in some countries, the structure of electricity consumption of a two-room apartment in the winter period are given. The average monthly electricity consumption in the winter period and in the summer period was revealed. The daily schedule of electricity consumption in the winter period and the load of lighting devices are given. A scheme for converting solar energy into electrical energy, a daily schedule of solar generation of a collector, a scheme for using solar electrical energy in a multi-storey building are given. The optimal solutions for the placement of solar panels and their advantages are determined: facilitating and reducing the cost of the process of installation and operation without special equipment. Calculated hourly electricity consumption in an average apartment and its cost for ten years. It has been established that the introduction of solar energy for power supply has the following advantages: solar generation energy is completely utilized, the vertical arrangement of solar panels reduces the deposition of dust and snow on their surface in winter, which is especially important in climatic conditions, has a long service life and low operating costs, has a high probability of reaching self-sufficiency within the recommended time frame. The shortcomings of the introduction of solar energy have been identified: the real daily energy consumption graphs of a multi-storey building are in fact not stepwise, but are graphs with high fluctuations, with a large number of peaks and dips. Therefore, a more detailed study of real objects is required, as well as the identification of the optimal ratio between the amount of solar generation and the consumption of electrical energy. It is possible to use in the future an intermediate durable storage in the form of capacitors to smooth out uneven energy consumption, a sharp change in the flow of solar energy during the year requires the installation of solar generation to be changeable and adaptable, which will increase its cost, strict control is required so that generation does not exceed consumption, otherwise this violates the requirements of energy supply organizations, and may also adversely affect the readings of energy consumption meters;
Key words
residential building, electricity, energy efficiency, management
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Publication date
2023-10-27